Endless Punishment
Valgavoth, Harrower of Souls · DSC 2024 · official decklist · 86 cards
See all 166 Commander precons ranked by most original →
125
of 166
0.157 originality.
More original than 41 of the 166 Commander
precons.
What originality means here
Every card scores 0 to 1: one minus how close its nearest match anywhere in Magic gets, so 0.30 means something out there is 70% like it. A deck's figure is the average across its most original half of nonland cards, so it climbs by holding cards with less competition, never by holding more cards.
- 122 Nature of the Beast 0.158
- 123 Witherbloom Pestilence 0.157
- 124 Feline Ferocity 0.157
- 125 Endless Punishment 0.157
- 126 Forged In Stone 0.156
- 127 Nature's Vengeance 0.156
- 128 Power Hungry 0.155
See all 166 Commander precons ranked by least original →
42
of 166
0.157 originality.
Less original than 124 of the 166 Commander
precons.
What originality means here
Every card scores 0 to 1: one minus how close its nearest match anywhere in Magic gets, so 0.30 means something out there is 70% like it. A deck's figure is the average across its most original half of nonland cards, so it climbs by holding cards with less competition, never by holding more cards.
- 39 Power Hungry 0.155
- 40 Nature's Vengeance 0.156
- 41 Forged In Stone 0.156
- 42 Endless Punishment 0.157
- 43 Feline Ferocity 0.157
- 44 Witherbloom Pestilence 0.157
- 45 Nature of the Beast 0.158
Most original cards
- Braids, Arisen Nightmare 0.31
- Combustible Gearhulk 0.25
- Séance Board 0.24
- Vial Smasher the Fierce 0.24
- Fear of Burning Alive 0.24
- Enchanter's Bane 0.22
- Rakdos, Lord of Riots 0.21
- Mask of Griselbrand 0.19
- Kaervek the Merciless 0.19
- Theater of Horrors 0.18
- Florian, Voldaren Scion 0.17
- Persistent Constrictor 0.17
- Tectonic Giant 0.16
- Massacre Girl 0.15
- Decree of Pain 0.15
- Chaos Warp 0.15
- Suspended Sentence 0.14
- Star Athlete 0.14
- Gleeful Arsonist 0.13
- Syr Konrad, the Grim 0.13
- Kardur, Doomscourge 0.13
- Gray Merchant of Asphodel 0.12
- The Lord of Pain 0.11
- Kederekt Parasite 0.11
- Mogis, God of Slaughter 0.10
- Spiked Corridor // Torture Pit 0.10
- Rampaging Ferocidon 0.09
- Grab the Prize 0.09
- Bedevil 0.09
- Lightning Greaves 0.08
- Mayhem Devil 0.08
- Feed the Swarm 0.08
- Nightshade Harvester 0.07
- Rakdos Charm 0.06
- Infernal Grasp 0.06
- Valgavoth, Harrower of Souls 0.06
- Sadistic Shell Game 0.05
- Morbid Opportunist 0.05
- Basilisk Collar 0.04
- Stormfist Crusader 0.04
- Brash Taunter 0.03
- Harsh Mentor 0.01
- Spiteful Visions 0.01
- Talisman of Indulgence 0.01
- Barbflare Gremlin 0.01
- Bastion of Remembrance 0.00
- Fate Unraveler 0.00
- Blasphemous Act 0.00
- Blood Pact 0.00
- Sign in Blood 0.00
- Light Up the Stage 0.00
- Rakdos Signet 0.00
- Blood Artist 0.00
- Blood Seeker 0.00
- Falkenrath Noble 0.00
- Massacre Wurm 0.00
- Mind Stone 0.00
- Thought Vessel 0.00
- Arcane Signet -0.00
- Fellwar Stone -0.00
- Solemn Simulacrum -0.00
- Sol Ring -0.00
View these card images
Braids, Arisen Nightmare0.31
$3.73
#291
1.05
3.9 years
Combustible Gearhulk0.25
$0.25
#1008
0.29
9.8 years
Séance Board0.24
$3.53
#4171
0.06
1.8 years
Vial Smasher the Fierce0.24
$2.85
#5123
0.51
9.7 years
Fear of Burning Alive0.24
$0.20
#6797
0.24
1.8 years
Enchanter's Bane0.22
$0.33
#9572
0.42
8.0 years
Rakdos, Lord of Riots0.21
$0.70
#2554
0.46
13.8 years
Mask of Griselbrand0.19
$0.54
#3063
0.27
4.8 years
Kaervek the Merciless0.19
$0.30
#2555
0.61
19.8 years
Theater of Horrors0.18
$0.15
#4450
0.14
7.5 years
Florian, Voldaren Scion0.17
$0.36
#3470
0.22
4.8 years
Persistent Constrictor0.17
$11.80
#2727
0.34
1.8 years
Tectonic Giant0.16
$0.25
#2880
0.24
6.5 years
Massacre Girl0.15
$0.40
#1649
0.59
7.2 years
Decree of Pain0.15
$0.31
#1325
0.39
23.2 years
Chaos Warp0.15
$0.33
#30
0.33
15.1 years
Suspended Sentence0.14
$0.71
#4926
0.22
1.8 years
Star Athlete0.14
$0.79
#4750
0.15
1.8 years
Gleeful Arsonist0.13
$5.80
#2693
0.45
1.8 years
Syr Konrad, the Grim0.13
$0.88
#255
0.93
6.8 years
Kardur, Doomscourge0.13
$0.42
#970
0.57
5.5 years
Gray Merchant of Asphodel0.12
$0.88
#243
0.98
12.8 years
The Lord of Pain0.11
$8.87
#2368
0.97
1.8 years
Kederekt Parasite0.11
$7.42
#1987
0.41
17.5 years
Mogis, God of Slaughter0.10
$4.13
#2400
0.52
12.5 years
Spiked Corridor // Torture Pit0.10
$5.70
#4169
0.25
1.8 years
Rampaging Ferocidon0.09
$0.92
#2484
0.72
8.8 years
Grab the Prize0.09
$0.39
#1460
0.13
1.8 years
Bedevil0.09
$0.29
#479
0.15
7.5 years
Lightning Greaves0.08
$3.94
#13
0.53
22.8 years
Mayhem Devil0.08
$0.27
#585
0.60
7.2 years
Feed the Swarm0.08
$0.20
#89
0.22
5.8 years
Nightshade Harvester0.07
$0.32
#4498
0.29
5.7 years
Rakdos Charm0.06
$0.36
#330
0.38
13.8 years
Infernal Grasp0.06
$0.28
#261
0.19
4.8 years
Valgavoth, Harrower of Souls0.06
$20.44
#2237
0.76
1.8 years
Sadistic Shell Game0.05
$0.48
#5230
0.29
1.8 years
Morbid Opportunist0.05
$0.22
#254
0.19
4.8 years
Basilisk Collar0.04
$4.15
#256
0.44
16.5 years
Stormfist Crusader0.04
$0.39
#1915
0.17
6.8 years
Brash Taunter0.03
$1.60
#794
0.49
6.1 years
Harsh Mentor0.01
$0.32
#2380
0.47
9.2 years
Spiteful Visions0.01
$0.54
#2287
0.51
18.2 years
Talisman of Indulgence0.01
$0.91
#130
0.44
22.8 years
Barbflare Gremlin0.01
$0.30
#7927
0.33
1.8 years
Bastion of Remembrance0.00
$0.29
#333
0.35
6.3 years
Fate Unraveler0.00
$2.28
#1693
0.38
12.5 years
Blasphemous Act0.00
$0.78
#22
0.62
14.8 years
Blood Pact0.00
$0.15
#3357
0.17
4.8 years
Sign in Blood0.00
$0.40
#232
0.11
17.0 years
Light Up the Stage0.00
$0.21
#1210
0.13
7.5 years
Rakdos Signet0.00
$0.95
#164
0.00
20.2 years
Blood Artist0.00
$2.13
#138
0.56
14.2 years
Blood Seeker0.00
$0.22
#2607
0.27
16.8 years
Falkenrath Noble0.00
$0.14
#1924
0.22
14.8 years
Massacre Wurm0.00
$1.27
#514
0.80
15.5 years
Mind Stone0.00
$0.28
#32
0.00
29.1 years
Thought Vessel0.00
$2.32
#21
0.27
10.7 years
Arcane Signet-0.00
$0.35
#3
0.24
6.8 years
Fellwar Stone-0.00
$0.53
#17
0.18
32.0 years
Solemn Simulacrum-0.00
$0.23
#38
0.11
22.8 years
Sol Ring-0.00
$1.13
#1
1.46
33.0 years
See all 166 Commander precons ranked by saltiest →
16
of 166
27.6 salt.
Saltier than 150 of the 166 Commander
precons.
What salt means here
EDHREC's annual survey asks players which cards they least enjoy facing, scoring each 0 to about 3: Stasis is 3.06, Rhystic Study 2.73, Mind Stone a flat 0. A deck's figure is those scores added up, so it gets there either through a few famous offenders or a long tail of mildly irritating ones. The one number here that is an opinion rather than a measurement.
- 13 Tricky Terrain 28.5
- 14 Planeswalker Party 28.4
- 15 Draconic Domination 27.7
- 16 Endless Punishment 27.6
- 17 Paradox Power 27.4
- 18 Entropic Uprising 27.4
- 19 Counter Blitz (FINAL FANTASY X) 27.1
See all 166 Commander precons ranked by mildest →
151
of 166
27.6 salt.
Milder than 15 of the 166 Commander
precons.
What salt means here
EDHREC's annual survey asks players which cards they least enjoy facing, scoring each 0 to about 3: Stasis is 3.06, Rhystic Study 2.73, Mind Stone a flat 0. A deck's figure is those scores added up, so it gets there either through a few famous offenders or a long tail of mildly irritating ones. The one number here that is an opinion rather than a measurement.
- 148 Counter Blitz (FINAL FANTASY X) 27.1
- 149 Entropic Uprising 27.4
- 150 Paradox Power 27.4
- 151 Endless Punishment 27.6
- 152 Draconic Domination 27.7
- 153 Planeswalker Party 28.4
- 154 Tricky Terrain 28.5
Saltiest cards
- Sol Ring 1.46
- Braids, Arisen Nightmare 1.05
- Gray Merchant of Asphodel 0.98
- The Lord of Pain 0.97
- Syr Konrad, the Grim 0.93
- Massacre Wurm 0.80
- Valgavoth, Harrower of Souls 0.76
- Rampaging Ferocidon 0.72
- Blasphemous Act 0.62
- Kaervek the Merciless 0.61
- Mayhem Devil 0.60
- Massacre Girl 0.59
- Kardur, Doomscourge 0.57
- Blood Artist 0.56
- Lightning Greaves 0.53
- Mogis, God of Slaughter 0.52
- Spiteful Visions 0.51
- Vial Smasher the Fierce 0.51
- Brash Taunter 0.49
- Harsh Mentor 0.47
- Rakdos, Lord of Riots 0.46
- Gleeful Arsonist 0.45
- Basilisk Collar 0.44
- Talisman of Indulgence 0.44
- Enchanter's Bane 0.42
- Kederekt Parasite 0.41
- Decree of Pain 0.39
- Command Tower 0.38
- Fate Unraveler 0.38
- Rakdos Charm 0.38
- Bastion of Remembrance 0.35
- Persistent Constrictor 0.34
- Barbflare Gremlin 0.33
- Chaos Warp 0.33
- Combustible Gearhulk 0.29
- Nightshade Harvester 0.29
- Sadistic Shell Game 0.29
- Blood Seeker 0.27
- Mask of Griselbrand 0.27
- Thought Vessel 0.27
- Spiked Corridor // Torture Pit 0.25
- Arcane Signet 0.24
- Fear of Burning Alive 0.24
- Tectonic Giant 0.24
- Falkenrath Noble 0.22
- Feed the Swarm 0.22
- Florian, Voldaren Scion 0.22
- Sulfurous Springs 0.22
- Suspended Sentence 0.22
- Temple of Malice 0.21
- Shadowblood Ridge 0.20
- Dragonskull Summit 0.19
- Graven Cairns 0.19
- Infernal Grasp 0.19
- Morbid Opportunist 0.19
- Fellwar Stone 0.18
- Blood Pact 0.17
- Stormfist Crusader 0.17
- Temple of the False God 0.17
- Witch's Clinic 0.16
- Bedevil 0.15
- Star Athlete 0.15
- Exotic Orchard 0.14
- Theater of Horrors 0.14
- Evolving Wilds 0.13
- Grab the Prize 0.13
- Light Up the Stage 0.13
- Shivan Gorge 0.13
- Ash Barrens 0.12
- Canyon Slough 0.11
- Sign in Blood 0.11
- Solemn Simulacrum 0.11
- Leechridden Swamp 0.09
- Spinerock Knoll 0.08
- Blackcleave Cliffs 0.07
- Séance Board 0.06
- Smoldering Marsh 0.06
- Tainted Peak 0.06
- Bloodfell Caves 0.05
- Foreboding Ruins 0.04
- Terramorphic Expanse 0.04
- Geothermal Bog 0.01
- Mind Stone 0.00
- Rakdos Signet 0.00
View these card images
Sol Ring-0.00
$1.13
#1
1.46
33.0 years
Braids, Arisen Nightmare0.31
$3.73
#291
1.05
3.9 years
Gray Merchant of Asphodel0.12
$0.88
#243
0.98
12.8 years
The Lord of Pain0.11
$8.87
#2368
0.97
1.8 years
Syr Konrad, the Grim0.13
$0.88
#255
0.93
6.8 years
Massacre Wurm0.00
$1.27
#514
0.80
15.5 years
Valgavoth, Harrower of Souls0.06
$20.44
#2237
0.76
1.8 years
Rampaging Ferocidon0.09
$0.92
#2484
0.72
8.8 years
Blasphemous Act0.00
$0.78
#22
0.62
14.8 years
Kaervek the Merciless0.19
$0.30
#2555
0.61
19.8 years
Mayhem Devil0.08
$0.27
#585
0.60
7.2 years
Massacre Girl0.15
$0.40
#1649
0.59
7.2 years
Kardur, Doomscourge0.13
$0.42
#970
0.57
5.5 years
Blood Artist0.00
$2.13
#138
0.56
14.2 years
Lightning Greaves0.08
$3.94
#13
0.53
22.8 years
Mogis, God of Slaughter0.10
$4.13
#2400
0.52
12.5 years
Spiteful Visions0.01
$0.54
#2287
0.51
18.2 years
Vial Smasher the Fierce0.24
$2.85
#5123
0.51
9.7 years
Brash Taunter0.03
$1.60
#794
0.49
6.1 years
Harsh Mentor0.01
$0.32
#2380
0.47
9.2 years
Rakdos, Lord of Riots0.21
$0.70
#2554
0.46
13.8 years
Gleeful Arsonist0.13
$5.80
#2693
0.45
1.8 years
Basilisk Collar0.04
$4.15
#256
0.44
16.5 years
Talisman of Indulgence0.01
$0.91
#130
0.44
22.8 years
Enchanter's Bane0.22
$0.33
#9572
0.42
8.0 years
Kederekt Parasite0.11
$7.42
#1987
0.41
17.5 years
Decree of Pain0.15
$0.31
#1325
0.39
23.2 years
Command Tower-0.00
$0.23
#2
0.38
15.1 years
Fate Unraveler0.00
$2.28
#1693
0.38
12.5 years
Rakdos Charm0.06
$0.36
#330
0.38
13.8 years
Bastion of Remembrance0.00
$0.29
#333
0.35
6.3 years
Persistent Constrictor0.17
$11.80
#2727
0.34
1.8 years
Barbflare Gremlin0.01
$0.30
#7927
0.33
1.8 years
Chaos Warp0.15
$0.33
#30
0.33
15.1 years
Combustible Gearhulk0.25
$0.25
#1008
0.29
9.8 years
Nightshade Harvester0.07
$0.32
#4498
0.29
5.7 years
Sadistic Shell Game0.05
$0.48
#5230
0.29
1.8 years
Blood Seeker0.00
$0.22
#2607
0.27
16.8 years
Mask of Griselbrand0.19
$0.54
#3063
0.27
4.8 years
Thought Vessel0.00
$2.32
#21
0.27
10.7 years
Spiked Corridor // Torture Pit0.10
$5.70
#4169
0.25
1.8 years
Arcane Signet-0.00
$0.35
#3
0.24
6.8 years
Fear of Burning Alive0.24
$0.20
#6797
0.24
1.8 years
Tectonic Giant0.16
$0.25
#2880
0.24
6.5 years
Falkenrath Noble0.00
$0.14
#1924
0.22
14.8 years
Feed the Swarm0.08
$0.20
#89
0.22
5.8 years
Florian, Voldaren Scion0.17
$0.36
#3470
0.22
4.8 years
Sulfurous Springs0.01
$0.98
#159
0.22
31.2 years
Suspended Sentence0.14
$0.71
#4926
0.22
1.8 years
Temple of Malice0.00
$0.21
#432
0.21
12.5 years
Shadowblood Ridge0.00
$0.24
#428
0.20
24.8 years
Dragonskull Summit0.00
$0.35
#85
0.19
17.0 years
Graven Cairns0.02
$1.85
#575
0.19
19.2 years
Infernal Grasp0.06
$0.28
#261
0.19
4.8 years
Morbid Opportunist0.05
$0.22
#254
0.19
4.8 years
Fellwar Stone-0.00
$0.53
#17
0.18
32.0 years
Blood Pact0.00
$0.15
#3357
0.17
4.8 years
Stormfist Crusader0.04
$0.39
#1915
0.17
6.8 years
Temple of the False God0.12
$0.15
#75
0.17
23.2 years
Witch's Clinic0.17
$14.09
#1073
0.16
5.3 years
Bedevil0.09
$0.29
#479
0.15
7.5 years
Star Athlete0.14
$0.79
#4750
0.15
1.8 years
Exotic Orchard-0.00
$0.22
#9
0.14
17.5 years
Theater of Horrors0.18
$0.15
#4450
0.14
7.5 years
Evolving Wilds0.00
$0.11
#19
0.13
16.3 years
Grab the Prize0.09
$0.39
#1460
0.13
1.8 years
Light Up the Stage0.00
$0.21
#1210
0.13
7.5 years
Shivan Gorge0.00
$0.90
#2283
0.13
27.8 years
Ash Barrens0.00
$0.21
#200
0.12
9.7 years
Canyon Slough-0.00
$0.23
#689
0.11
9.2 years
Sign in Blood0.00
$0.40
#232
0.11
17.0 years
Solemn Simulacrum-0.00
$0.23
#38
0.11
22.8 years
Leechridden Swamp0.20
$0.72
#2512
0.09
18.2 years
Spinerock Knoll0.19
$0.88
#754
0.08
18.8 years
Blackcleave Cliffs0.00
$1.82
#1075
0.07
15.8 years
Séance Board0.24
$3.53
#4171
0.06
1.8 years
Smoldering Marsh-0.00
$0.31
#94
0.06
10.8 years
Tainted Peak0.01
$0.78
#498
0.06
24.5 years
Bloodfell Caves0.00
$0.06
#914
0.05
11.8 years
Foreboding Ruins0.05
$0.31
#328
0.04
10.3 years
Terramorphic Expanse0.00
$0.15
#27
0.04
20.9 years
Geothermal Bog0.00
$0.26
#2315
0.01
3.9 years
Mind Stone0.00
$0.28
#32
0.00
29.1 years
Rakdos Signet0.00
$0.95
#164
0.00
20.2 years
See all 166 Commander precons ranked by most expensive →
16
of 166
$136.84 of cards.
Worth more than 150 of the 166 Commander
precons.
What of cards means here
The cheapest paper printing of every card, added together: what the hundred cards cost to own as singles, not what the sealed box sells for. That is why one reserved list card can put a deck above four decks of staples. Basic lands count toward the total but are left out of the card list below, since thirty Islands are not what anyone means by a deck's cheapest cards.
- 13 Stalwart Unity $156.14
- 14 Vampiric Bloodlust $149.78
- 15 Masters of Evil $140.28
- 16 Endless Punishment $136.84
- 17 Mind Flayarrrs $136.59
- 18 Fae Dominion $134.38
- 19 Entropic Uprising $133.80
See all 166 Commander precons ranked by cheapest →
151
of 166
$136.84 of cards.
Worth less than 15 of the 166 Commander
precons.
What of cards means here
The cheapest paper printing of every card, added together: what the hundred cards cost to own as singles, not what the sealed box sells for. That is why one reserved list card can put a deck above four decks of staples. Basic lands count toward the total but are left out of the card list below, since thirty Islands are not what anyone means by a deck's cheapest cards.
- 148 Entropic Uprising $133.80
- 149 Fae Dominion $134.38
- 150 Mind Flayarrrs $136.59
- 151 Endless Punishment $136.84
- 152 Masters of Evil $140.28
- 153 Vampiric Bloodlust $149.78
- 154 Stalwart Unity $156.14
Priciest cards
- Valgavoth, Harrower of Souls $20.44
- Witch's Clinic $14.09
- Persistent Constrictor $11.80
- The Lord of Pain $8.87
- Kederekt Parasite $7.42
- Gleeful Arsonist $5.80
- Spiked Corridor // Torture Pit $5.70
- Basilisk Collar $4.15
- Mogis, God of Slaughter $4.13
- Lightning Greaves $3.94
- Braids, Arisen Nightmare $3.73
- Séance Board $3.53
- Vial Smasher the Fierce $2.85
- Thought Vessel $2.32
- Fate Unraveler $2.28
- Blood Artist $2.13
- Graven Cairns $1.85
- Blackcleave Cliffs $1.82
- Brash Taunter $1.60
- Massacre Wurm $1.27
- Sol Ring $1.13
- Sulfurous Springs $0.98
- Rakdos Signet $0.95
- Rampaging Ferocidon $0.92
- Talisman of Indulgence $0.91
- Shivan Gorge $0.90
- Gray Merchant of Asphodel $0.88
- Spinerock Knoll $0.88
- Syr Konrad, the Grim $0.88
- Star Athlete $0.79
- Blasphemous Act $0.78
- Tainted Peak $0.78
- Leechridden Swamp $0.72
- Suspended Sentence $0.71
- Rakdos, Lord of Riots $0.70
- Mask of Griselbrand $0.54
- Spiteful Visions $0.54
- Fellwar Stone $0.53
- Sadistic Shell Game $0.48
- Kardur, Doomscourge $0.42
- Massacre Girl $0.40
- Sign in Blood $0.40
- Grab the Prize $0.39
- Stormfist Crusader $0.39
- Florian, Voldaren Scion $0.36
- Rakdos Charm $0.36
- Arcane Signet $0.35
- Dragonskull Summit $0.35
- Chaos Warp $0.33
- Enchanter's Bane $0.33
- Harsh Mentor $0.32
- Nightshade Harvester $0.32
- Decree of Pain $0.31
- Foreboding Ruins $0.31
- Smoldering Marsh $0.31
- Barbflare Gremlin $0.30
- Kaervek the Merciless $0.30
- Bastion of Remembrance $0.29
- Bedevil $0.29
- Infernal Grasp $0.28
- Mind Stone $0.28
- Mayhem Devil $0.27
- Geothermal Bog $0.26
- Combustible Gearhulk $0.25
- Tectonic Giant $0.25
- Shadowblood Ridge $0.24
- Canyon Slough $0.23
- Command Tower $0.23
- Solemn Simulacrum $0.23
- Blood Seeker $0.22
- Exotic Orchard $0.22
- Morbid Opportunist $0.22
- Ash Barrens $0.21
- Light Up the Stage $0.21
- Temple of Malice $0.21
- Fear of Burning Alive $0.20
- Feed the Swarm $0.20
- Blood Pact $0.15
- Temple of the False God $0.15
- Terramorphic Expanse $0.15
- Theater of Horrors $0.15
- Falkenrath Noble $0.14
- Evolving Wilds $0.11
- Bloodfell Caves $0.06
View these card images
Valgavoth, Harrower of Souls0.06
$20.44
#2237
0.76
1.8 years
Witch's Clinic0.17
$14.09
#1073
0.16
5.3 years
Persistent Constrictor0.17
$11.80
#2727
0.34
1.8 years
The Lord of Pain0.11
$8.87
#2368
0.97
1.8 years
Kederekt Parasite0.11
$7.42
#1987
0.41
17.5 years
Gleeful Arsonist0.13
$5.80
#2693
0.45
1.8 years
Spiked Corridor // Torture Pit0.10
$5.70
#4169
0.25
1.8 years
Basilisk Collar0.04
$4.15
#256
0.44
16.5 years
Mogis, God of Slaughter0.10
$4.13
#2400
0.52
12.5 years
Lightning Greaves0.08
$3.94
#13
0.53
22.8 years
Braids, Arisen Nightmare0.31
$3.73
#291
1.05
3.9 years
Séance Board0.24
$3.53
#4171
0.06
1.8 years
Vial Smasher the Fierce0.24
$2.85
#5123
0.51
9.7 years
Thought Vessel0.00
$2.32
#21
0.27
10.7 years
Fate Unraveler0.00
$2.28
#1693
0.38
12.5 years
Blood Artist0.00
$2.13
#138
0.56
14.2 years
Graven Cairns0.02
$1.85
#575
0.19
19.2 years
Blackcleave Cliffs0.00
$1.82
#1075
0.07
15.8 years
Brash Taunter0.03
$1.60
#794
0.49
6.1 years
Massacre Wurm0.00
$1.27
#514
0.80
15.5 years
Sol Ring-0.00
$1.13
#1
1.46
33.0 years
Sulfurous Springs0.01
$0.98
#159
0.22
31.2 years
Rakdos Signet0.00
$0.95
#164
0.00
20.2 years
Rampaging Ferocidon0.09
$0.92
#2484
0.72
8.8 years
Talisman of Indulgence0.01
$0.91
#130
0.44
22.8 years
Shivan Gorge0.00
$0.90
#2283
0.13
27.8 years
Gray Merchant of Asphodel0.12
$0.88
#243
0.98
12.8 years
Spinerock Knoll0.19
$0.88
#754
0.08
18.8 years
Syr Konrad, the Grim0.13
$0.88
#255
0.93
6.8 years
Star Athlete0.14
$0.79
#4750
0.15
1.8 years
Blasphemous Act0.00
$0.78
#22
0.62
14.8 years
Tainted Peak0.01
$0.78
#498
0.06
24.5 years
Leechridden Swamp0.20
$0.72
#2512
0.09
18.2 years
Suspended Sentence0.14
$0.71
#4926
0.22
1.8 years
Rakdos, Lord of Riots0.21
$0.70
#2554
0.46
13.8 years
Mask of Griselbrand0.19
$0.54
#3063
0.27
4.8 years
Spiteful Visions0.01
$0.54
#2287
0.51
18.2 years
Fellwar Stone-0.00
$0.53
#17
0.18
32.0 years
Sadistic Shell Game0.05
$0.48
#5230
0.29
1.8 years
Kardur, Doomscourge0.13
$0.42
#970
0.57
5.5 years
Massacre Girl0.15
$0.40
#1649
0.59
7.2 years
Sign in Blood0.00
$0.40
#232
0.11
17.0 years
Grab the Prize0.09
$0.39
#1460
0.13
1.8 years
Stormfist Crusader0.04
$0.39
#1915
0.17
6.8 years
Florian, Voldaren Scion0.17
$0.36
#3470
0.22
4.8 years
Rakdos Charm0.06
$0.36
#330
0.38
13.8 years
Arcane Signet-0.00
$0.35
#3
0.24
6.8 years
Dragonskull Summit0.00
$0.35
#85
0.19
17.0 years
Chaos Warp0.15
$0.33
#30
0.33
15.1 years
Enchanter's Bane0.22
$0.33
#9572
0.42
8.0 years
Harsh Mentor0.01
$0.32
#2380
0.47
9.2 years
Nightshade Harvester0.07
$0.32
#4498
0.29
5.7 years
Decree of Pain0.15
$0.31
#1325
0.39
23.2 years
Foreboding Ruins0.05
$0.31
#328
0.04
10.3 years
Smoldering Marsh-0.00
$0.31
#94
0.06
10.8 years
Barbflare Gremlin0.01
$0.30
#7927
0.33
1.8 years
Kaervek the Merciless0.19
$0.30
#2555
0.61
19.8 years
Bastion of Remembrance0.00
$0.29
#333
0.35
6.3 years
Bedevil0.09
$0.29
#479
0.15
7.5 years
Infernal Grasp0.06
$0.28
#261
0.19
4.8 years
Mind Stone0.00
$0.28
#32
0.00
29.1 years
Mayhem Devil0.08
$0.27
#585
0.60
7.2 years
Geothermal Bog0.00
$0.26
#2315
0.01
3.9 years
Combustible Gearhulk0.25
$0.25
#1008
0.29
9.8 years
Tectonic Giant0.16
$0.25
#2880
0.24
6.5 years
Shadowblood Ridge0.00
$0.24
#428
0.20
24.8 years
Canyon Slough-0.00
$0.23
#689
0.11
9.2 years
Command Tower-0.00
$0.23
#2
0.38
15.1 years
Solemn Simulacrum-0.00
$0.23
#38
0.11
22.8 years
Blood Seeker0.00
$0.22
#2607
0.27
16.8 years
Exotic Orchard-0.00
$0.22
#9
0.14
17.5 years
Morbid Opportunist0.05
$0.22
#254
0.19
4.8 years
Ash Barrens0.00
$0.21
#200
0.12
9.7 years
Light Up the Stage0.00
$0.21
#1210
0.13
7.5 years
Temple of Malice0.00
$0.21
#432
0.21
12.5 years
Fear of Burning Alive0.24
$0.20
#6797
0.24
1.8 years
Feed the Swarm0.08
$0.20
#89
0.22
5.8 years
Blood Pact0.00
$0.15
#3357
0.17
4.8 years
Temple of the False God0.12
$0.15
#75
0.17
23.2 years
Terramorphic Expanse0.00
$0.15
#27
0.04
20.9 years
Theater of Horrors0.18
$0.15
#4450
0.14
7.5 years
Falkenrath Noble0.00
$0.14
#1924
0.22
14.8 years
Evolving Wilds0.00
$0.11
#19
0.13
16.3 years
Bloodfell Caves0.00
$0.06
#914
0.05
11.8 years
See all 166 Commander precons ranked by most played cards →
9
of 166
#1554 median play rate.
More played than 157 of the 166 Commander
precons.
What median play rate means here
EDHREC ranks every card by how many Commander decks run it, #1 being the most played in the format. A deck's figure is the median rank across its nonland cards, so #1200 means half this deck sits inside the format's twelve hundred most played cards. A smaller number is the deck built out of staples.
- 6 Lorehold Legacies #1396
- 7 Sultai Arisen #1520
- 8 Squirreled Away #1526
- 9 Endless Punishment #1554
- 10 Family Matters #1559
- 11 Witherbloom Pestilence #1559
- 12 Peace Offering #1573
See all 166 Commander precons ranked by least played cards →
158
of 166
#1554 median play rate.
Less played than 8 of the 166 Commander
precons.
What median play rate means here
EDHREC ranks every card by how many Commander decks run it, #1 being the most played in the format. A deck's figure is the median rank across its nonland cards, so #1200 means half this deck sits inside the format's twelve hundred most played cards. A smaller number is the deck built out of staples.
- 155 Peace Offering #1573
- 156 Family Matters #1559
- 157 Witherbloom Pestilence #1559
- 158 Endless Punishment #1554
- 159 Squirreled Away #1526
- 160 Sultai Arisen #1520
- 161 Lorehold Legacies #1396
Most played cards
- Sol Ring #1
- Arcane Signet #3
- Lightning Greaves #13
- Fellwar Stone #17
- Thought Vessel #21
- Blasphemous Act #22
- Chaos Warp #30
- Mind Stone #32
- Solemn Simulacrum #38
- Feed the Swarm #89
- Talisman of Indulgence #130
- Blood Artist #138
- Rakdos Signet #164
- Sign in Blood #232
- Gray Merchant of Asphodel #243
- Morbid Opportunist #254
- Syr Konrad, the Grim #255
- Basilisk Collar #256
- Infernal Grasp #261
- Braids, Arisen Nightmare #291
- Rakdos Charm #330
- Bastion of Remembrance #333
- Bedevil #479
- Massacre Wurm #514
- Mayhem Devil #585
- Brash Taunter #794
- Kardur, Doomscourge #970
- Combustible Gearhulk #1008
- Light Up the Stage #1210
- Decree of Pain #1325
- Grab the Prize #1460
- Massacre Girl #1649
- Fate Unraveler #1693
- Stormfist Crusader #1915
- Falkenrath Noble #1924
- Kederekt Parasite #1987
- Valgavoth, Harrower of Souls #2237
- Spiteful Visions #2287
- The Lord of Pain #2368
- Harsh Mentor #2380
- Mogis, God of Slaughter #2400
- Rampaging Ferocidon #2484
- Rakdos, Lord of Riots #2554
- Kaervek the Merciless #2555
- Blood Seeker #2607
- Gleeful Arsonist #2693
- Persistent Constrictor #2727
- Tectonic Giant #2880
- Mask of Griselbrand #3063
- Blood Pact #3357
- Florian, Voldaren Scion #3470
- Spiked Corridor // Torture Pit #4169
- Séance Board #4171
- Theater of Horrors #4450
- Nightshade Harvester #4498
- Star Athlete #4750
- Suspended Sentence #4926
- Vial Smasher the Fierce #5123
- Sadistic Shell Game #5230
- Fear of Burning Alive #6797
- Barbflare Gremlin #7927
- Enchanter's Bane #9572
View these card images
Sol Ring-0.00
$1.13
#1
1.46
33.0 years
Arcane Signet-0.00
$0.35
#3
0.24
6.8 years
Lightning Greaves0.08
$3.94
#13
0.53
22.8 years
Fellwar Stone-0.00
$0.53
#17
0.18
32.0 years
Thought Vessel0.00
$2.32
#21
0.27
10.7 years
Blasphemous Act0.00
$0.78
#22
0.62
14.8 years
Chaos Warp0.15
$0.33
#30
0.33
15.1 years
Mind Stone0.00
$0.28
#32
0.00
29.1 years
Solemn Simulacrum-0.00
$0.23
#38
0.11
22.8 years
Feed the Swarm0.08
$0.20
#89
0.22
5.8 years
Talisman of Indulgence0.01
$0.91
#130
0.44
22.8 years
Blood Artist0.00
$2.13
#138
0.56
14.2 years
Rakdos Signet0.00
$0.95
#164
0.00
20.2 years
Sign in Blood0.00
$0.40
#232
0.11
17.0 years
Gray Merchant of Asphodel0.12
$0.88
#243
0.98
12.8 years
Morbid Opportunist0.05
$0.22
#254
0.19
4.8 years
Syr Konrad, the Grim0.13
$0.88
#255
0.93
6.8 years
Basilisk Collar0.04
$4.15
#256
0.44
16.5 years
Infernal Grasp0.06
$0.28
#261
0.19
4.8 years
Braids, Arisen Nightmare0.31
$3.73
#291
1.05
3.9 years
Rakdos Charm0.06
$0.36
#330
0.38
13.8 years
Bastion of Remembrance0.00
$0.29
#333
0.35
6.3 years
Bedevil0.09
$0.29
#479
0.15
7.5 years
Massacre Wurm0.00
$1.27
#514
0.80
15.5 years
Mayhem Devil0.08
$0.27
#585
0.60
7.2 years
Brash Taunter0.03
$1.60
#794
0.49
6.1 years
Kardur, Doomscourge0.13
$0.42
#970
0.57
5.5 years
Combustible Gearhulk0.25
$0.25
#1008
0.29
9.8 years
Light Up the Stage0.00
$0.21
#1210
0.13
7.5 years
Decree of Pain0.15
$0.31
#1325
0.39
23.2 years
Grab the Prize0.09
$0.39
#1460
0.13
1.8 years
Massacre Girl0.15
$0.40
#1649
0.59
7.2 years
Fate Unraveler0.00
$2.28
#1693
0.38
12.5 years
Stormfist Crusader0.04
$0.39
#1915
0.17
6.8 years
Falkenrath Noble0.00
$0.14
#1924
0.22
14.8 years
Kederekt Parasite0.11
$7.42
#1987
0.41
17.5 years
Valgavoth, Harrower of Souls0.06
$20.44
#2237
0.76
1.8 years
Spiteful Visions0.01
$0.54
#2287
0.51
18.2 years
The Lord of Pain0.11
$8.87
#2368
0.97
1.8 years
Harsh Mentor0.01
$0.32
#2380
0.47
9.2 years
Mogis, God of Slaughter0.10
$4.13
#2400
0.52
12.5 years
Rampaging Ferocidon0.09
$0.92
#2484
0.72
8.8 years
Rakdos, Lord of Riots0.21
$0.70
#2554
0.46
13.8 years
Kaervek the Merciless0.19
$0.30
#2555
0.61
19.8 years
Blood Seeker0.00
$0.22
#2607
0.27
16.8 years
Gleeful Arsonist0.13
$5.80
#2693
0.45
1.8 years
Persistent Constrictor0.17
$11.80
#2727
0.34
1.8 years
Tectonic Giant0.16
$0.25
#2880
0.24
6.5 years
Mask of Griselbrand0.19
$0.54
#3063
0.27
4.8 years
Blood Pact0.00
$0.15
#3357
0.17
4.8 years
Florian, Voldaren Scion0.17
$0.36
#3470
0.22
4.8 years
Spiked Corridor // Torture Pit0.10
$5.70
#4169
0.25
1.8 years
Séance Board0.24
$3.53
#4171
0.06
1.8 years
Theater of Horrors0.18
$0.15
#4450
0.14
7.5 years
Nightshade Harvester0.07
$0.32
#4498
0.29
5.7 years
Star Athlete0.14
$0.79
#4750
0.15
1.8 years
Suspended Sentence0.14
$0.71
#4926
0.22
1.8 years
Vial Smasher the Fierce0.24
$2.85
#5123
0.51
9.7 years
Sadistic Shell Game0.05
$0.48
#5230
0.29
1.8 years
Fear of Burning Alive0.24
$0.20
#6797
0.24
1.8 years
Barbflare Gremlin0.01
$0.30
#7927
0.33
1.8 years
Enchanter's Bane0.22
$0.33
#9572
0.42
8.0 years
See all 166 Commander precons ranked by oldest →
87
of 166
12.1 years a card on average.
Older than 79 of the 166 Commander
precons.
1015 years all
told, across 84 cards.
What a card on average means here
How long ago each card was first printed, averaged across the deck. A reprint does not make an old card new, so a deck published last year and stuffed with reprints still reads old. The total underneath is every card's age added together; the ranking uses the average, because a sum quietly rewards the bigger deck for being bigger.
- 84 Planeswalker Party 12.1 years
- 85 Graveyard Overdrive 12.1 years
- 86 Jeskai Striker 12.1 years
- 87 Endless Punishment 12.1 years
- 88 Sultai Arisen 12.1 years
- 89 Angels: They're Just Like Us but Cooler and with Wings 12.0 years
- 90 Corrupting Influence 12.0 years
See all 166 Commander precons ranked by newest →
80
of 166
12.1 years a card on average.
Newer than 86 of the 166 Commander
precons.
1015 years all
told, across 84 cards.
What a card on average means here
How long ago each card was first printed, averaged across the deck. A reprint does not make an old card new, so a deck published last year and stuffed with reprints still reads old. The total underneath is every card's age added together; the ranking uses the average, because a sum quietly rewards the bigger deck for being bigger.
- 77 Corrupting Influence 12.0 years
- 78 Angels: They're Just Like Us but Cooler and with Wings 12.0 years
- 79 Sultai Arisen 12.1 years
- 80 Endless Punishment 12.1 years
- 81 Jeskai Striker 12.1 years
- 82 Graveyard Overdrive 12.1 years
- 83 Planeswalker Party 12.1 years
Oldest cards
- Sol Ring 33.0 years
- Fellwar Stone 32.0 years
- Sulfurous Springs 31.2 years
- Mind Stone 29.1 years
- Shivan Gorge 27.8 years
- Shadowblood Ridge 24.8 years
- Tainted Peak 24.5 years
- Decree of Pain 23.2 years
- Temple of the False God 23.2 years
- Lightning Greaves 22.8 years
- Solemn Simulacrum 22.8 years
- Talisman of Indulgence 22.8 years
- Terramorphic Expanse 20.9 years
- Rakdos Signet 20.2 years
- Kaervek the Merciless 19.8 years
- Graven Cairns 19.2 years
- Spinerock Knoll 18.8 years
- Leechridden Swamp 18.2 years
- Spiteful Visions 18.2 years
- Exotic Orchard 17.5 years
- Kederekt Parasite 17.5 years
- Dragonskull Summit 17.0 years
- Sign in Blood 17.0 years
- Blood Seeker 16.8 years
- Basilisk Collar 16.5 years
- Evolving Wilds 16.3 years
- Blackcleave Cliffs 15.8 years
- Massacre Wurm 15.5 years
- Chaos Warp 15.1 years
- Command Tower 15.1 years
- Blasphemous Act 14.8 years
- Falkenrath Noble 14.8 years
- Blood Artist 14.2 years
- Rakdos Charm 13.8 years
- Rakdos, Lord of Riots 13.8 years
- Gray Merchant of Asphodel 12.8 years
- Fate Unraveler 12.5 years
- Mogis, God of Slaughter 12.5 years
- Temple of Malice 12.5 years
- Bloodfell Caves 11.8 years
- Smoldering Marsh 10.8 years
- Thought Vessel 10.7 years
- Foreboding Ruins 10.3 years
- Combustible Gearhulk 9.8 years
- Ash Barrens 9.7 years
- Vial Smasher the Fierce 9.7 years
- Canyon Slough 9.3 years
- Harsh Mentor 9.3 years
- Rampaging Ferocidon 8.8 years
- Enchanter's Bane 8.0 years
- Bedevil 7.5 years
- Light Up the Stage 7.5 years
- Theater of Horrors 7.5 years
- Massacre Girl 7.2 years
- Mayhem Devil 7.2 years
- Arcane Signet 6.8 years
- Stormfist Crusader 6.8 years
- Syr Konrad, the Grim 6.8 years
- Tectonic Giant 6.5 years
- Bastion of Remembrance 6.3 years
- Brash Taunter 6.1 years
- Feed the Swarm 5.8 years
- Nightshade Harvester 5.7 years
- Kardur, Doomscourge 5.5 years
- Witch's Clinic 5.3 years
- Blood Pact 4.8 years
- Florian, Voldaren Scion 4.8 years
- Infernal Grasp 4.8 years
- Mask of Griselbrand 4.8 years
- Morbid Opportunist 4.8 years
- Braids, Arisen Nightmare 3.9 years
- Geothermal Bog 3.9 years
- Barbflare Gremlin 1.8 years
- Fear of Burning Alive 1.8 years
- Gleeful Arsonist 1.8 years
- Grab the Prize 1.8 years
- Persistent Constrictor 1.8 years
- Sadistic Shell Game 1.8 years
- Séance Board 1.8 years
- Spiked Corridor // Torture Pit 1.8 years
- Star Athlete 1.8 years
- Suspended Sentence 1.8 years
- The Lord of Pain 1.8 years
- Valgavoth, Harrower of Souls 1.8 years
View these card images
Sol Ring-0.00
$1.13
#1
1.46
33.0 years
Fellwar Stone-0.00
$0.53
#17
0.18
32.0 years
Sulfurous Springs0.01
$0.98
#159
0.22
31.2 years
Mind Stone0.00
$0.28
#32
0.00
29.1 years
Shivan Gorge0.00
$0.90
#2283
0.13
27.8 years
Shadowblood Ridge0.00
$0.24
#428
0.20
24.8 years
Tainted Peak0.01
$0.78
#498
0.06
24.5 years
Decree of Pain0.15
$0.31
#1325
0.39
23.2 years
Temple of the False God0.12
$0.15
#75
0.17
23.2 years
Lightning Greaves0.08
$3.94
#13
0.53
22.8 years
Solemn Simulacrum-0.00
$0.23
#38
0.11
22.8 years
Talisman of Indulgence0.01
$0.91
#130
0.44
22.8 years
Terramorphic Expanse0.00
$0.15
#27
0.04
20.9 years
Rakdos Signet0.00
$0.95
#164
0.00
20.2 years
Kaervek the Merciless0.19
$0.30
#2555
0.61
19.8 years
Graven Cairns0.02
$1.85
#575
0.19
19.2 years
Spinerock Knoll0.19
$0.88
#754
0.08
18.8 years
Leechridden Swamp0.20
$0.72
#2512
0.09
18.2 years
Spiteful Visions0.01
$0.54
#2287
0.51
18.2 years
Exotic Orchard-0.00
$0.22
#9
0.14
17.5 years
Kederekt Parasite0.11
$7.42
#1987
0.41
17.5 years
Dragonskull Summit0.00
$0.35
#85
0.19
17.0 years
Sign in Blood0.00
$0.40
#232
0.11
17.0 years
Blood Seeker0.00
$0.22
#2607
0.27
16.8 years
Basilisk Collar0.04
$4.15
#256
0.44
16.5 years
Evolving Wilds0.00
$0.11
#19
0.13
16.3 years
Blackcleave Cliffs0.00
$1.82
#1075
0.07
15.8 years
Massacre Wurm0.00
$1.27
#514
0.80
15.5 years
Chaos Warp0.15
$0.33
#30
0.33
15.1 years
Command Tower-0.00
$0.23
#2
0.38
15.1 years
Blasphemous Act0.00
$0.78
#22
0.62
14.8 years
Falkenrath Noble0.00
$0.14
#1924
0.22
14.8 years
Blood Artist0.00
$2.13
#138
0.56
14.2 years
Rakdos Charm0.06
$0.36
#330
0.38
13.8 years
Rakdos, Lord of Riots0.21
$0.70
#2554
0.46
13.8 years
Gray Merchant of Asphodel0.12
$0.88
#243
0.98
12.8 years
Fate Unraveler0.00
$2.28
#1693
0.38
12.5 years
Mogis, God of Slaughter0.10
$4.13
#2400
0.52
12.5 years
Temple of Malice0.00
$0.21
#432
0.21
12.5 years
Bloodfell Caves0.00
$0.06
#914
0.05
11.8 years
Smoldering Marsh-0.00
$0.31
#94
0.06
10.8 years
Thought Vessel0.00
$2.32
#21
0.27
10.7 years
Foreboding Ruins0.05
$0.31
#328
0.04
10.3 years
Combustible Gearhulk0.25
$0.25
#1008
0.29
9.8 years
Ash Barrens0.00
$0.21
#200
0.12
9.7 years
Vial Smasher the Fierce0.24
$2.85
#5123
0.51
9.7 years
Canyon Slough-0.00
$0.23
#689
0.11
9.2 years
Harsh Mentor0.01
$0.32
#2380
0.47
9.2 years
Rampaging Ferocidon0.09
$0.92
#2484
0.72
8.8 years
Enchanter's Bane0.22
$0.33
#9572
0.42
8.0 years
Bedevil0.09
$0.29
#479
0.15
7.5 years
Light Up the Stage0.00
$0.21
#1210
0.13
7.5 years
Theater of Horrors0.18
$0.15
#4450
0.14
7.5 years
Massacre Girl0.15
$0.40
#1649
0.59
7.2 years
Mayhem Devil0.08
$0.27
#585
0.60
7.2 years
Arcane Signet-0.00
$0.35
#3
0.24
6.8 years
Stormfist Crusader0.04
$0.39
#1915
0.17
6.8 years
Syr Konrad, the Grim0.13
$0.88
#255
0.93
6.8 years
Tectonic Giant0.16
$0.25
#2880
0.24
6.5 years
Bastion of Remembrance0.00
$0.29
#333
0.35
6.3 years
Brash Taunter0.03
$1.60
#794
0.49
6.1 years
Feed the Swarm0.08
$0.20
#89
0.22
5.8 years
Nightshade Harvester0.07
$0.32
#4498
0.29
5.7 years
Kardur, Doomscourge0.13
$0.42
#970
0.57
5.5 years
Witch's Clinic0.17
$14.09
#1073
0.16
5.3 years
Blood Pact0.00
$0.15
#3357
0.17
4.8 years
Florian, Voldaren Scion0.17
$0.36
#3470
0.22
4.8 years
Infernal Grasp0.06
$0.28
#261
0.19
4.8 years
Mask of Griselbrand0.19
$0.54
#3063
0.27
4.8 years
Morbid Opportunist0.05
$0.22
#254
0.19
4.8 years
Braids, Arisen Nightmare0.31
$3.73
#291
1.05
3.9 years
Geothermal Bog0.00
$0.26
#2315
0.01
3.9 years
Barbflare Gremlin0.01
$0.30
#7927
0.33
1.8 years
Fear of Burning Alive0.24
$0.20
#6797
0.24
1.8 years
Gleeful Arsonist0.13
$5.80
#2693
0.45
1.8 years
Grab the Prize0.09
$0.39
#1460
0.13
1.8 years
Persistent Constrictor0.17
$11.80
#2727
0.34
1.8 years
Sadistic Shell Game0.05
$0.48
#5230
0.29
1.8 years
Séance Board0.24
$3.53
#4171
0.06
1.8 years
Spiked Corridor // Torture Pit0.10
$5.70
#4169
0.25
1.8 years
Star Athlete0.14
$0.79
#4750
0.15
1.8 years
Suspended Sentence0.14
$0.71
#4926
0.22
1.8 years
The Lord of Pain0.11
$8.87
#2368
0.97
1.8 years
Valgavoth, Harrower of Souls0.06
$20.44
#2237
0.76
1.8 years
Every ranking here is against the other 165 Commander precons, measured the same way for all of them. Read your own deck through the same lens →